顺丁烯二酸酐(maleic anhydride)又称顺酐、马来酸酐、失水苹果酸酐，英文简写MA，分子式为C4H2O3，分子量为98.06，结构式为
Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride and dehydrated malic anhydride, is abbreviated as Ma in English. The molecular formula is c4h2o3, the molecular weight is 98.06 and the structural formula is
1.产品性能
1. Product performance
白色针状结晶；易燃，易升华；熔点52.8℃，沸点202℃、179.5℃(400×133.3Pa)、155.9℃(200×133.3Pa)、135.8℃(100×133.3Pa)、122℃(60×133.3Pa)、95℃(20×133.3Pa)、78.7℃(10×133.3Pa)；相对密度为(d460)1.314；易溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、氯仿、1，4-二氧六环，溶于水成为失水苹果酸，溶于醇成为酯，微溶于四氯化碳和粗汽油；闪点103℃；高毒。
White acicular crystal; Flammable and easy to sublimate; Melting point 52.8 ℃, boiling point 202 ℃, 179.5 ℃ (400 ℃) × 133.3Pa)、155.9℃(200 × 133.3Pa)、135.8℃(100 × 133.3Pa)、122℃(60 × 133.3Pa)、95℃(20 × 133.3Pa)、78.7℃(10 × 133.3Pa)； The relative density is (d460) 1.314; Soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane, soluble in water as dehydrated malic acid, soluble in alcohol as ester, slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride and crude gasoline; Flash point 103 ℃; Highly toxic.
2.原理
2. Production principle
(1)苯氧化法。在V2O5催化下，苯在高温下被空气氧化，生成顺丁烯二酸酐。
(1) Benzene oxidation method. Under the catalysis of V2O5, benzene is oxidized by air at high temperature to produce maleic anhydride.
(2)C4馏分氧化法。正丁烯空气氧化法的反应条件与苯氧化法相似。
(2) C4 fraction oxidation method. The reaction conditions of air oxidation of n-butene are similar to those of benzene oxidation.
正丁烷氧化法工艺过程是先将正丁烷脱氢成丁烯，再与空气氧化为顺酐。
The process of n-butane oxidation is to dehydrogenate n-butane to butene, and then oxidize with air to maleic anhydride.
正丁烷氧化法实现工业化以来发展很快，因为正丁烷价廉，化工利用不广，因此此法成为有竞争力的原理。
Since the realization of industrial production, n-butane oxidation has developed rapidly. Because n-butane is cheap and not widely used in chemical industry, this method has become a competitive production principle.
以不经分离的C4馏分或分离异丁烯、丁二烯后的C4馏分为原料顺酐，具有原料成本低、催化剂寿命长等优点。C4馏分与空气混合后进入流化床氧化反应器，与反应器中催化剂接触生成顺酐。
Maleic anhydride is produced from C4 fraction without separation or C4 fraction after separation of isobutene and butadiene. It has the advantages of low raw material cost and long catalyst life. C4 fraction is mixed with air and enters the fluidized bed oxidation reactor to contact with the catalyst in the reactor to generate maleic anhydride.
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