顺酐全名为顺丁烯二酸酐，又称为马来酸酐，是一种有强烈刺激气味的无色结晶粉末，于1834年由苹果酸得到。早期，顺丁烯二酸酐是通过苯的催化氧化制备，但为了降低成本，改用正丁烷氧化法制取。
Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride, is a colorless crystalline powder with a strong pungent odor, first obtained from malic acid in 1834. In the early days, maleic anhydride was prepared through the catalytic oxidation of benzene, but in order to reduce production costs, the method of n-butane oxidation was used to produce it.
顺酐由苯经催化氧化或由丁烯或丁烷用空气氧化而制得，溶于乙醇、乙醚和丙酮，难溶于石油醚和四氯化碳，与热水作用而成马来酸；
Maleic anhydride is obtained by catalytic oxidation of benzene or oxidation of butene or butane with air. It is soluble in ethanol, ether, and acetone, but insoluble in petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride. It reacts with hot water to form maleic acid;
顺酐的外观是白色片状结晶，有粉末状、针状、片状、丸状、棒状、团块状或熔融物质，相对密度是1.480，熔点在52.8℃，沸点是202.2℃，闪点：110.0℃。
The appearance of maleic anhydride is a white crystalline flake, consisting of powder like, needle like, flake like, pellet like, rod like, agglomerate like or molten substances. The relative density is 1.480, the melting point is 52.8 ℃, the boiling point is 202.2 ℃, and the flash point is 110.0 ℃.
顺酐的作用：用于双烯合成、制药物、农药、染料中间体及制聚酯树脂、醇酸树脂、马来酸等有机酸，也用作脂肪和油防腐剂等，不饱和聚酯树脂、醇酸树脂、、长效碘胺的原料。也是涂料、马来松香、聚马来酐、顺酐-苯乙烯共聚物的共聚单体，也是油墨助剂、造纸助剂、增塑剂、酒石酸、富马酸、四氢呋喃等的有机化工原料。
The function of maleic anhydride: used in the synthesis of dienes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dye intermediates, as well as in the production of organic acids such as polyester resin, alkyd resin, maleic acid, etc. It is also used as a preservative for fats and oils, and as a raw material for the production of unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, and long-acting iodamine. It is also a comonomer of coatings, maleic rosin, polymaleic anhydride, and maleic anhydride styrene copolymers, and an organic chemical raw material for the production of ink additives, paper making additives, plasticizers, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrofuran, etc.
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