涂料

coating

顺酐在涂料方面的应用主要是醇酸树脂涂料和氨基树脂涂料。醇酸树脂涂料是18大类涂料中消费量大的一类，产量和消费量约占涂料总量的三分之一。醇酸树脂具有良好的附着力、光泽度和抗腐蚀等性能，广泛用于建筑涂装、机械和汽车涂装、家俱以及防腐涂装；氨基树脂涂料也有良好的硬度、光泽和保光保色性能，广泛用于轻工家电产品的装饰涂装。2003年全国醇酸树脂涂料和氨基树脂涂料的产量估计为75万吨，消耗顺酐约1.14万吨。预计“十一五”期间，醇酸树脂涂料和氨基树脂涂料仍将是涂料行业的主力品种，水性涂料、粉末涂料、高固体分涂料等低污染型涂料将以较快的速度发展，但所占比重不会有太大的变化。

The main applications of maleic anhydride in coatings are alkyd resin coatings and amino resin coatings. Alkyd resin coatings are the largest consumer among the 18 major categories of coatings, with the output and consumption accounting for about one-third of the total amount of coatings. Alkyd resin has good adhesion, glossiness and corrosion resistance, and is widely used in architectural coating, machinery and automobile coating, furniture and anti-corrosion coating; Amino resin coatings also have good hardness, gloss, light and color retention properties, and are widely used for decorative coating of light industrial and household appliances. In 2003, the national production of alkyd resin coatings and amino resin coatings was estimated at 750000 tons, and the consumption of maleic anhydride was about 11400 tons. It is expected that alkyd resin coating and amino resin coating will still be the main varieties in the coating industry during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period. Water-based coating, powder coating, high-solid coating and other energy-saving and low-pollution coatings will develop at a faster speed, but the proportion will not change much.

酒石酸

tartaric acid

酒石酸主要用作食品酸味剂，其盐类用作镜子镀银和金属处理。在纺织工业中，酒石酸也可用在制革和电讯器材行业。

Tartaric acid is mainly used as food acid, and its salts are used for mirror silver plating and metal treatment. In the textile industry, tartaric acid can also be used in the tanning and telecommunication equipment industries.

年L-型和dl-型酒石酸产能估计约1.1万吨，产量约8500吨，消耗顺酐约7900吨。由于近年来美国和日本的L-型酒石酸商向转移投资，使国内L-型酒石酸产品产能迅速增长。目前国内L-型酒石酸年产能已达到1万吨以上，dl-型酒石酸产品的年产能也达到约2万吨。

The annual production capacity of L-type and dl-type tartaric acid is estimated to be about 11000 tons, the output is about 8500 tons, and the consumption of maleic anhydride is about 7900 tons. In recent years, the production capacity of domestic L-tartaric acid products has increased rapidly due to the transfer of investment by L-tartaric acid producers in the United States and Japan. At present, the annual capacity of L-type tartaric acid in China has reached more than 10000 tons, and the annual capacity of dl-type tartaric acid products has also reached about 20000 tons.

润滑油添加剂

Lubricant additive

目前润滑油添加剂产品中以无灰分散剂和金属清净剂为主，占润滑油添加剂总消费量的70%，其中只有无灰分散剂的需要消耗顺酐。

At present, ash-free dispersant and metal detergent are the main products of lubricating oil additives, accounting for 70% of the total consumption of lubricating oil additives. Only the production of ash-free dispersant needs to consume maleic anhydride.

农药

pesticides

顺酐在农药中，主要用于杀虫剂，包括有机磷杀虫剂如马拉硫磷和达净松，以及除虫菊酯杀虫剂如胺菊酯。

Maleic anhydride is mainly used in pesticide production, including organophosphorus insecticides such as malathion and dapsone, and pyrethroid insecticides such as permethrin.

琥珀酸及酐

Succinic acid and anhydride

琥珀酸（丁二酸）主要用于涂料、染料、粘合剂和医药方面。由琥珀酸的醇酸树脂具有良好的曲挠性、弹性和抗水性；琥珀酸的二苯基酯是油料中间体，与氨基蒽醌反应后生成蒽醌染料；琥珀酸在医药工业中可用来磺胺药、维生素A、维生素B和止血药等；琥珀酸在造纸、纺织行业中也有广泛的用途，还可用作润滑剂、照像化学品和表面活性剂的原料。

Succinic acid (succinic acid) is mainly used in coatings, dyes, adhesives and pharmaceuticals. Alkyd resin produced from succinic acid has good flexibility, elasticity and water resistance; Diphenyl ester of succinic acid is an oil intermediate, which reacts with aminoanthraquinone to form anthraquinone dye; Succinic acid can be used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce sulfa drugs, vitamin A, vitamin B and hemostatic drugs; Succinic acid is also widely used in papermaking and textile industries, and can also be used as raw material for lubricants, photographic chemicals and surfactants.

四氢苯酐

Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride

四氢苯酐作为有机合成中间体，可制取农药敌菌丹、克菌丹等，也可制取增塑剂、环氧树脂固化剂、不饱和聚酯树脂、无溶剂漆和胶粘剂等。

As an intermediate of organic synthesis, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride can be used to produce pesticides such as chlordane and chlordane, as well as plasticizers, epoxy resin curing agents, unsaturated polyester resins, solvent-free paints and adhesives.

改性松香

Modified rosin

顺酐在松香改性中用于顺酐松香酯和分散松香胶乳液。化学助剂顺酐在化学助剂中用于快速渗透剂T和水质稳定剂。

Maleic anhydride is used to produce maleic anhydride rosin ester and dispersed rosin size lotion in rosin modification. Chemical aids Maleic anhydride is used in the production of fast penetrating agent T and water quality stabilizer in chemical aids.