顺丁烯二酸酐（MaleicAnhydride，MA）简称顺酐，是一种常用的重要有机化工原料。那么你知道顺酐的工艺如何吗？下面
顺酐厂家来解答：
Maleic Anhydride (MA), referred to as maleic anhydride, is a common and important organic chemical raw material. Do you know the production process of maleic anhydride? The manufacturer of maleic anhydride will answer the following questions:
顺酐的工艺主要分为以下三步：
The production process of maleic anhydride is mainly divided into the following three steps:
1）以苯、碳四馏分或正丁烷为原料催化氧化制顺酐；
1) Using benzene, C4 fraction or n-butane as raw materials for catalytic oxidation to maleic anhydride;
2）从氧化生成的混合气中回收顺酐得到粗酐；
2) Recovering maleic anhydride from the mixture gas generated by oxidation to obtain crude anhydride;
3）精制粗酐从而获得顺酐产品。
3) Refine crude anhydride to obtain maleic anhydride product.
顺酐的技术路线主要分为苯氧化法、碳四烯烃法、苯酐副产法、正丁烷氧化法4种。
The technical routes of maleic anhydride production are mainly divided into four kinds: benzene oxidation method, C4 olefin method, phthalic anhydride by-product method and n-butane oxidation method.
1.丁烷法固定床工艺：丁烷法固定床工艺主要由亨斯迈公司、BP、SD、康斯尔（Conser）公司拥有，与苯氧化法基本相似，但正丁烷氧化转化率和选择性均比苯低，其顺酐的摩尔收率按正丁烷计仅为50％~55％，而原料气体中苯和正丁烷的摩尔浓度基本相同。因此对于同样规模的装置，正丁烷法需要较大的反应器和压缩机。反应温度400～450℃，压力为125～130MPa。为了降低正丁烷的单耗，比利时的Pantochim公司采用尾气循环工艺，吸收塔顶出来的尾气约50％经处理后与新鲜空气一并进入反应器。该工艺可使正丁烷的单耗下降约10％。
1. Butane fixed bed process: The butane fixed bed process is mainly owned by Huntsman, BP, SD and CONSER, which is basically similar to the benzene oxidation process, but the conversion and selectivity of n-butane oxidation are lower than that of benzene. The molar yield of maleic anhydride is only 50%~55% based on n-butane, while the molar concentration of benzene and n-butane in the feed gas is basically the same. Therefore, for production units of the same scale, the n-butane process requires larger reactors and compressors. The reaction temperature is 400~450 ℃ and the pressure is 125~130MPa. In order to reduce the unit consumption of n-butane, Pantochim Company of Belgium adopts the tail gas circulation process. About 50% of the tail gas from the top of the absorption tower enters the reactor together with fresh air after treatment. This process can reduce the unit consumption of n-butane by about 10%.
2.丁烷法流化床工艺：流化床反应器中，正丁烷和空气分别进入反应器后混合，避免了其混合时发生爆炸的可能因此原料气中正丁烷的摩尔分数可以提高到4％，反应所需空气约为固定床的一半，减少了空气压缩机的投资和操作费用。流化床工艺的能耗低于固定床，但丁烷的单耗要比固定床高约8％，另外流化床催化剂的磨损也较大。
2. Butane method fluidized bed process: in the fluidized bed reactor, n-butane and air respectively enter the reactor and mix, avoiding the possibility of explosion when mixing. Therefore, the mole fraction of n-butane in the feed gas can be increased to 4%, and the air required for the reaction is about half of the fixed bed, reducing the investment and operating costs of the air compressor. The energy consumption of the fluidized bed process is lower than that of the fixed bed, but the unit consumption of butane is about 8% higher than that of the fixed bed, and the wear of the fluidized bed catalyst is also large.
3.有机溶剂吸收法工艺：在采用丁烷法顺酐的初期，主要是一些苯法装置通过更换催化剂实现，就是新建的装置工艺也与苯法基本一致，均为水吸收法回收。由于丁烷氧化反应生成少量的乙酸和丙烯酸，而苯氧化反应几乎不生成乙酸和丙烯酸，另外丁烷氧化生成的水也比苯氧化多1倍，所以丁烷法水吸收工艺遇到的腐蚀和堵塞问题要比苯法多。
3. Organic solvent absorption process: In the early stage of the production of maleic anhydride by the butane process, some benzene process units were mainly realized by replacing catalysts. Even the newly built unit process was basically the same as that of the benzene process, which was recovered by water absorption method. Since butane oxidation reaction generates a small amount of acetic acid and acrylic acid, while benzene oxidation reaction hardly generates acetic acid and acrylic acid, and the water generated by butane oxidation is also twice as much as that of benzene oxidation, so the butane water absorption process encounters more corrosion and blockage problems than benzene method.
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