氢氧化钾，也叫苛性钾，是无机化合物，具有强碱性及腐蚀性，可使石蕊试液变蓝、酚酞试液变红。强碱是指在水溶液中电离出的阴离子全部是氢氧根离子的物质。强碱与酸反应形成盐和水。氢氧化钾为白色粉末或片状固体，化学式为KOH，熔点380℃，沸点1324℃，极易吸收空气中水分而潮解，吸收二氧化碳而成碳酸钾。

Potassium hydroxide, also known as caustic potassium, is an inorganic compound with strong alkalinity and corrosiveness, which can turn litmus test solution blue and phenolphthalein test solution red. Strong base refers to a substance in which all anions ionized in aqueous solution are hydroxide ions. Strong bases react with acids to form salts and water. Potassium hydroxide is a white powder or sheet-like solid with the chemical formula KOH. It has a melting point of 380 ℃ and a boiling point of 1324 ℃. It is highly susceptible to absorbing moisture from the air and deliquescing, absorbing carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate.

　　工业氢氧化钾作用及应用领域如下：

The functions and application fields of industrial potassium hydroxide are as follows:

　　化学工业

Chemical industry

　　(1)氢氧化钾主要用作钾盐的原料，如高锰酸钾、碳酸钾、铝酸钾、月桂酸盐、甲酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐等。

(1) Potassium hydroxide is mainly used as a raw material for potassium salt production, such as potassium permanganate, potassium carbonate, potassium aluminate, laurate, formate, gluconate, etc.

　　(2)用于调节化学溶液pH值，化学分析试剂，例如在酸滴定中，帮助确定浓度水平。

(2) Used to adjust the pH value of chemical solutions, chemical analysis reagents, such as in acid titration, to help determine concentration levels.

　　(3)还用于促进干燥，可用作干燥剂，以去除碱性溶剂中的水分，尤其是胺类和吡啶类。

(3) It is also used to promote drying and can be used as a desiccant to remove moisture from alkaline solvents, especially amines and pyridines.

　　石化工业

Petrochemical industry

　　(1)在石油和天然气的精炼中，氢氧化钾有助于去除有机酸和硫化合物。

(1) In the refining of oil and natural gas, potassium hydroxide helps to remove organic acids and sulfur compounds.

　　(2)在从油脂生物柴油时，起催化剂的作用。

(2) Plays a catalytic role in the production of biodiesel from fats and oils.

　　(3)气流中的二氧化碳、三氧化硫、三氧化氮在氢氧化钾的帮助下被吸收。

(3) Carbon dioxide, sulfur trioxide, and nitrogen trioxide in the airflow are absorbed with the help of potassium hydroxide.

　　农业，用于调节土壤pH值；用于肥料，为作物提供钾，特别是那些不能耐受氯离子的作物；用于除草剂和剂。

Agriculture, used to regulate soil pH value; Used for fertilizer production, providing potassium to crops, especially those that cannot tolerate chloride ions; Used as herbicides and fungicides.

　　纺织工业，用于漂白剂，并大量用作制造人造纤维、聚酯纤维的主要原料。

In the textile industry, it is used as a bleaching agent and is widely used as the main raw material for manufacturing artificial fibers and polyester fibers.

　　染料工业，用于还原染料，如还原蓝RSN等。

Dye industry, used for producing vat dyes such as vat blue RSN.

　　皮革工业，氢氧化钾在去除兽皮上的毛发方面发挥着重要作用，并存在于皮革鞣制化学品中。

In the leather industry, potassium hydroxide plays an important role in removing hair from animal hides and is present in leather tanning chemicals.

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