不同于物理共混增韧，马来酸酐接枝物兼具极性基团醛基和烯烃非极性链段，能够通过与聚合物、填料之间的化学键合，很好地实现强度和韧性的结合，具有广阔的应用前景。
Different from physical blending toughening, maleic anhydride graft copolymer has both polar group aldehyde group and olefin non-polar chain segment. It can achieve the combination of strength and toughness through chemical bonding with polymer and filler, and has broad application prospects.
概述
summary
马来酸酐接枝物是一种以马来酸酐为单体，在合适的温度条件下与其他材料进行接枝而得到的聚合物。通常，接枝方法主要有溶液法、熔融法、辐射法和固相法等。其中，熔融法是非常常用也是非常重要的方法。
Maleic anhydride graft copolymer is a kind of polymer which is obtained by grafting maleic anhydride as monomer with other materials under appropriate temperature conditions. Generally, grafting methods mainly include solution method, melting method, radiation method and solid phase method. Among them, melting is a very common and important method.
由于兼具马来酸酐提供的极性基团醛基和烯烃非极性链段，马来酸酐接枝物可被广泛应用于PA、PP和PE等材料的改性，电线电缆母料，木塑行业，包胶TPE以及热熔胶等行业，主要起偶联相容的作用。
Because it has both the polar group aldehyde group and the olefin non-polar chain segment provided by maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride graft copolymer can be widely used in the modification of PA, PP, PE and other materials, wire and cable masterbatch, wood plastic industry, rubber coated TPE, hot melt adhesive and other industries, mainly playing the role of coupling and compatibility.
作用原理
Principle of action
在马来酸酐接枝物中，酸酐基团在高温和螺杆剪切的作用下，能够与极性基团（-NH2、-OH）发生广义的脱水反应并形成化学键，从而将不相容的极性和非极性物质进行化学偶联。
In the maleic anhydride graft copolymer, under the action of high temperature and screw shearing, the anhydride group can undergo a generalized dehydration reaction with polar groups (- NH2, - OH) and form chemical bonds, so that incompatible polar and non-polar substances can be chemically coupled.
以马来酸酐接枝物增韧PA为例。PA具有优异的力学性能，但低温下的韧性差，而烯烃具有良好的加工和低温韧性。然而，由于PA属于极性聚合物，烯烃属于非 极性聚合物，两者之间很难相容。此时，若采用马来酸酐接枝物，则能很好地实现两者的结合。在用于其他用途时，马来酸酐接枝物的作用 原理也类似。
Take maleic anhydride graft copolymer toughening PA as an example. PA has excellent mechanical properties, but its toughness at low temperature is poor, while olefins have good processing and low-temperature toughness. However, because PA belongs to polar polymer and olefin belongs to non-polar polymer, it is difficult to be compatible between them. At this time, if maleic anhydride graft copolymer is used, the combination of the two can be well realized (the reaction principle is shown in the figure). In other applications, the principle of maleic anhydride graft copolymer is similar.
